Personal pronouns in Punjabi.

Punjabi Personal Pronouns (Gurmukhi Script)

Punjabi is written using three scripts—Urdu, Devanagari (Hindi), and Gurmukhi. Below are the primary personal pronouns in the Gurmukhi script, with pronunciation, English translations, and example phrases.

ਮੈਂ

Transliteration: maiṃ

English: I

Audio:

ਮੈਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਦਾ ਹਾਂ (maiṃ paṛhdā hāṃ)
I am reading.

ਅਸੀਂ

Transliteration: asīṃ

English: we

Audio:

ਅਸੀਂ ਖੇਡਦੇ ਹਾਂ (asīṃ khēḍdē hāṃ)
We are playing.

ਤੂੰ

Transliteration: tūṃ

English: you (singular)

Audio:

ਤੂੰ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਪੜ੍ਹ (tūṃ kitāb paṛh)
You read the book.

ਤੁਸੀਂ

Transliteration: tusīṃ

English: you (plural)

Audio:

ਤੁਸੀਂ ਘਰ ਜਾਓ (tusīṃ ghar jāō)
You (all) go home.

ਉਹ

Transliteration: uh

English: he, she, it (that)

Audio:

ਉਹ ਗਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ (uh gāundā hai)
He/she is singing.

ਇਹ

Transliteration: ih

English: he, she, it (this)

Audio:

ਇਹ ਕੁਰਸੀ ਹੈ (ih kursī hai)
This is a chair.

Punjabi Pronoun Grammar Basics

Punjabi pronouns change based on case, gender, and number. Below are key points:

• Case: Pronouns inflect for nominative (subject), accusative/dative (object), and possessive Dice forms. For example, ਮੈਂ (maiṃ, I) becomes ਮੇਰਾ (mērā, my) in possessive form.
• Gender: Possessive pronouns agree with the gender of the noun they modify. For example, ਮੇਰਾ ਕੁੱਤਾ (mērā kuttā, my dog, masculine) vs. ਮੇਰੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ (mērī kitāb, my book, feminine).
• Number: Singular and plural forms differ. For example, ਤੂੰ (tūṃ, you singular) vs. ਤੁਸੀਂ (tusīṃ, you plural).
• Politeness: Use ਤੁਸੀਂ (tusīṃ) for formal or plural "you," while ਤੂੰ (tūṃ) is informal and singular.

Example sentence with multiple cases:

ਮੈਂ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਮੇਰੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਦਿੰਦਾ ਹਾਂ (maiṃ tuhānūṃ mērī kitāb dindā hāṃ)
I give you my book.
(ਮੈਂ = nominative, ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ = dative, ਮੇਰੀ = possessive)

First Person Forms (ਮੈਂ, ਅਸੀਂ)

Singular: ਮੇਰਾ (mērā, my, masculine), ਮੇਰੇ (mērē, my, masculine plural), ਮੇਰੀ (mērī, my, feminine), ਮੇਰੀਆਂ (mērīāṃ, my, feminine plural)
Plural: ਸਾਡਾ (sāḍā, our, masculine), ਸਾਡੇ (sāḍē, our, masculine plural), ਸਾਡੀ (sāḍī, our, feminine), ਸਾਡੀਆਂ (sāḍīāṃ, our, feminine plural)
Example: ਮੇਰਾ ਘਰ (mērā ghar, my house), ਸਾਡੀ ਕਾਰ (sāḍī kār, our car)

Second Person Forms (ਤੂੰ, ਤੁਸੀਂ)

Singular: ਤੇਰਾ (tērā, your, masculine), ਤੇਰੇ (tērē, your, masculine plural), ਤੇਰੀ (tērī, your, feminine), ਤੇਰੀਆਂ (tērīāṃ, your, feminine plural)
Plural: ਤੁਹਾਡਾ (tuhāḍā, your, masculine), ਤੁਹਾਡੇ (tuhāḍē, your, masculine plural), ਤੁਹਾਡੀ (tuhāḍī, your, feminine), ਤੁਹਾਡੀਆਂ (tuhāḍīāṃ, your, feminine plural)
Example: ਤੇਰੀ ਪੈਨ (tērī pain, your pen), ਤੁਹਾਡਾ ਸਕੂਲ (tuhāḍā skūl, your school)

Third Person Forms (ਉਹ, ਇਹ)

Distal: ਉਹਦਾ (uhdā, his/her/its, masculine), ਉਹਦੇ (uhdē, his/her/its, masculine plural), ਉਹਦੀ (uhdī, his/her/its, feminine), ਉਹਦੀਆਂ (uhdīāṃ, his/her/its, feminine plural)
Proximal: ਇਹਦਾ (ihdā, his/her/its, masculine), ਇਹਦੇ (ihdē, his/her/its, masculine plural), ਇਹਦੀ (ihdī, his/her/its, feminine), ਇਹਦੀਆਂ (ihdīāṃ, his/her/its, feminine plural)
Example: ਉਹਦਾ ਕੰਮ (uhdā kamm, his/her work), ਇਹਦੀ ਮੇਜ਼ (ihdī mēz, this table)

Note: Punjabi pronouns inflect for case, gender, and number. Pay attention to which pronoun form to use in possessive, dative, or accusative constructions. Use the correct verb conjugation to match the pronoun’s number and gender.

Source: en.glossesweb.com